Pannelli solari, 30 anni e ancora ottimali
In uno studio pionieristico, le prestazioni a lungo termine dei sistemi di pannelli solari sono state poste sotto i riflettori. Sei sistemi fotovoltaici installati in Svizzera tra il 1987 e il 1993 sono stati analizzati, rivelando alcune scoperte sorprendenti.
despite the passage of three decades, these solar panel systems have remained effective, with an average annual decline in performance of just 0.24%. This figure is about three times slower than literature values for such systems, indicating a remarkable resilience.
The study, conducted by researchers, also highlighted the importance of material quality in determining the longevity of solar panels. Older panels lacking UV stabilizers degraded more quickly than other panels, emphasising the role of these essential components in preserving the efficiency of solar panels.
The findings could potentially cause researchers to adjust accelerated stressing tests in the lab, particularly for emerging technologies. These tests are crucial in ensuring the durability of solar panels, but they offer limited insight into operational lifetime under real-world conditions.
Location also plays a significant role in the lifetime of panels. Panels at lower altitudes degraded faster due to factors such as encapsulants and adhesives degrading more at these locations, leading to localised corrosion and reduced electrical conductivity.
However, the study also raises concerns about modern photovoltaic systems. The pursuit of higher efficiencies and reduced costs may compromise their long-term reliability by using thinner and lower quality materials.
One photovoltaics expert, Dirk Jordan from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, US, suggests that lessons can be learned from these old panels to make future ones last longer. The study, while not explicitly naming the companies involved in these installations, did highlight that the six systems that have operated for over 30 years with preserved efficiency were supported by specific companies behind their development.
Interestingly, most of the tested panels retained over 80% of their initial power, a testament to the enduring potential of solar energy. AI has also aided the discovery of solar cell materials with near-record efficiency, offering promising prospects for the future of solar energy.
In conclusion, the study provides a valuable insight into the longevity of solar panels and the factors influencing their performance. It underscores the need for a balanced approach in solar panel design, striking a balance between efficiency, cost, and durability. The resilience displayed by the 30-year-old Swiss systems offers a beacon of hope for the future of solar energy.
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